Betaine (trimethylglycine) is a derivative of glycine, modified by the addition of three methyl groups. It is a stable, non-toxic compound naturally found in plants, animals, and microorganisms. Common dietary sources include wheat, beets, spinach, and various types of seafood. Whether consumed through food or as a dietary supplement, betaine exhibits similar bioavailability. In the mitochondria of liver and kidney cells, it is metabolized first into dimethylglycine and then into sarcosine. Betaine can also used as a dietary supplement to support overall wellness. It helps maintain a healthy methylation cycle in the body—a process important for converting homocysteine to methionine and supporting gene expression through epigenetic modification.
Betaine is a fast-absorbing, high-performance moisturizer that delivers instant hydration and lasting smoothness. Naturally sourced and skin-compatible, it supports healthy cell function while locking in moisture for soft, supple skin and well-nourished hair. With exceptional solubility—dissolving up to 160 grams in just 100 grams of water—and outstanding biocompatibility, betaine is an ideal ingredient for clean, effective personal care formulations. Its ability to maintain hydration, prevent moisture loss, and promote overall skin and hair health makes it a standout choice for high-performance beauty products.
A concentrated betaine solution can significantly enhance the solubility of poorly water-soluble active compounds such as allantoin and salicylic acid. For example, a 50% betaine solution can readily dissolve up to 2% allantoin at room temperature, which is about four times its maximum solubility in water. In the same way, such a solution can dissolve up to 5% salicylic acid at room temperature, about 25 times more than in water.
Betaine effectively reduces the irritation potential of ‘harsh’ anionic surfactants and is therefore useful in developing mild formulations. As a hygroscopic, moisture-attracting ingredient, the material should be stored in a cool, dry place to maintain its purity and performance.
